What Is a Perc Test for Land

What is a Perc Test & When Do You Need One?

A perc test, or percolation test, is a straightforward process determining the rate at which the soil absorbs water. The test involves digging a hole in the ground, filling it with water, and then measuring how quickly the water level drops. The rate at which the water level falls reflects the soil's ability to absorb water efficiently. This test is an important part of installing a septic system because it determines the type and size of the septic system needed for the property and any necessary modifications or restrictions. The absorption rate is also important in ensuring the soil adequately filters and treats wastewater.

When Do You Need a Perc Test?

When a septic system is installed, a property is sold or transferred, or there is a change in the use of the property that may affect the septic system, a perc test is required. Before obtaining a building permit, certain areas may require a perc test. For example, you'll need a perc test to install a new septic system, repair or replace an existing one, or add a bedroom or bathroom to your home. The importance of a perc test lies in its ability to determine the appropriate size and type of septic system required for the property, as well as any necessary modifications or restrictions. Furthermore, if you are purchasing a home with a septic system, a perc test can provide valuable information about the system's condition and potential future problems. Before beginning any construction or installation work, a perc test must be performed to ensure the proper operation and safety of the septic system.

Who Can Perform a Perc Test & How Do They Work?

A licensed septic system installer or engineer must perform perc tests. They will typically dig several test holes in the area where the septic system will be installed. The test holes are filled with water, and the water absorption rate is measured. The test results determine the size and type of septic system needed for the property.

Perc Test Laws & Regulations

Perc test laws and regulations vary by state and local jurisdiction. Some areas have strict guidelines for septic system installation and design. It is essential to check with your local health department or building department to determine the specific requirements in your area.

How Much Does It Cost to Get a Perc Test?

The cost of a perc test depends on several factors, including the property size, the type of soil, and the depth of the test holes. Consider the following average costs:

1. Average Cost for a Perc Test by Land Size

The average cost of a perc test is between $300 and $1,500, typically based on the property size. For example, a perc test for a 1-acre property may cost around $500, while a perc test for a 5-acre property may cost around $1,000.

2. Perc Test Cost by Hole Size

The price of a perc test varies depending on the size of the test holes. For certain types of soil, larger test holes may be required, which can raise the cost of the test. The average cost of a perc test with 2-inch holes is around $500, while a perc test with 6-inch holes may cost around $1,000.

3. Additional Costs and Considerations

In addition to the perc test cost, additional costs may be associated with installing the septic system. These costs can include excavation, grading, and the installation of the septic tank and drainage field.

4. What Time of Year is Best to Do a Perc Test?

A perc test is most effective during the dry season when the soil is not saturated with water. This typically occurs during the summer, though it can vary depending on your location's climate.

What is a Percolation Test Report?

After the perc test is completed, a percolation test report is generated. This report provides information on the test results and the soil suitability for a septic system. The report may also include recommendations for the size and type of septic system needed and any additional requirements or restrictions that must be followed.

1. Failed Perc Test

If the soil fails the perc test, it is unsuitable for a septic system. This may be due to a high water table, heavy clay soils, or other factors preventing the soil from absorbing water adequately. An alternative septic system may be required, such as a mound system or an aerobic treatment unit.

2. Failed Perc Test Alternatives

Several alternative septic systems are available if the soil fails a perc test. These systems are intended to treat wastewater appropriately for the property's specific soil conditions. Among the most common alternatives are:

• Mound systems: These systems are designed to elevate the septic system above ground level, allowing for better drainage and treatment of the wastewater.
• Aerobic treatment units: These systems break down and treat wastewater using oxygen and bacteria, allowing for more efficient treatment in areas with poor soil conditions.
• Sand filters: These systems use layers of sand and gravel to filter and treat the wastewater before it is discharged into the soil.

A perc test is required when installing a septic system on a property. It aids in determining the soil's suitability for a septic system and provides information on the required size and type of system. While the cost of a perc test varies depending on several factors, ensuring your septic system's proper operation and safety is an important investment.